Surrenal Tumors

Surrenal tumors are tumors that develop in two small glands located above our kidneys, also known as adrenal glands. These tumors are responsible for producing hormones that regulate how our body responds to stress, metabolism, blood pressure and other vital functions.

However, surrenal tumors can be life-threatening without us realizing it. Having information about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment methods of surrenal tumors is of great importance for early diagnosis and intervention. In this article, we cover everything about adrenal tumors in detail.

What are Surrenal Tumors?

Surrenal tumors are masses that form in the surrenal glands, also known as adrenal glands. These glands are located above the kidneys and produce vital hormones.

Surrenal tumors can be benign (benign) or malignant (malignant). Benign tumors usually do not require treatment and do not harm the body even when they grow, while malignant tumors contain cancerous cells and can spread throughout the body if left untreated. Surrenal tumors vary in the type of hormone they produce, resulting in a variety of symptoms. Surrenal tumors can affect anyone, but they usually occur in middle-aged or older adults.

With early detection and appropriate treatment, many adrenal tumors can be managed effectively. In order to understand these tumors and make the right treatment plan, the causes, symptoms and treatment modalities of adrenal tumors need to be well known.

Causes of Surrenal Tumors?

Surrenal tumors are tumors that develop in the adrenal glands and can be both benign and malignant. What causes the development of these tumors? Although it is difficult to pinpoint the exact causes of surrenal tumors, some factors are known to play a role in the formation of these tumors.

Genetic predisposition: Some genetic diseases may increase the risk of developing a surrenal tumor.

Hormonal Irregularities: Overproduction or underproduction of hormones by the adrenal glands can trigger tumor development.

Environmental Factors: Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxic substances, can also contribute to the formation of adrenal tumors. Although the precise causes of surrenal tumors are not clearly known, research on this topic is constantly providing new information. Therefore, early diagnosis and the right treatment methods are of utmost importance when it comes to surrenal tumors.

What are the Symptoms of Surrenal Tumors?

Surrenal tumors are benign or malignant tumors that form in the surrenal glands. The symptoms of these tumors are often not obvious and are often mistaken for other diseases. However, recognizing some of the unique symptoms is critical for early diagnosis. Symptoms that can be associated with surrenal tumors include

High blood pressure: Surrenal tumors can cause an increase in blood pressure by affecting hormone production.

Weight changes: Weight loss or weight gain is also a symptom caused by surrenal tumors.

Muscle weakness: Muscle weakness and a feeling of fatigue can be observed, especially in the long term.

Skin changes: You may experience changes in the skin such as thinning and bruising. Although these symptoms are not specific to surrenal tumors, it is important to consult a doctor if you experience such symptoms. Early detection of tumors can significantly improve treatment success.

How are Surrenal Tumors Diagnosed?

Surrenal tumors are masses that form in the adrenal glands. These tumors are usually diagnosed through detailed medical evaluation and various tests.

The main methods used to diagnose surrenal tumors are:

CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): These are used to obtain detailed images of the surrenal glands. These imaging techniques provide information about the size and location of the tumor and its relationship with surrounding tissues.

Blood and Urine Tests: Surrenal tumors can produce hormones. Therefore, blood and urine tests that measure hormone levels are important in determining whether the tumor is functional.

Adrenal Vein Sampling: In very specific cases, it is performed to understand which adrenal gland is producing a tumor. This procedure measures hormone levels by inserting a special catheter into the adrenal veins.

In the diagnostic process, a combination of these tests usually gives the most accurate results. Early detection of surrenal tumors is critical to the effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, people who notice symptoms are advised to contact a health care provider immediately.

What are the Treatment Methods for Surrenal Tumors?

Treatment of surrenal tumors can vary depending on the type, size and extent of the tumor. Below you can find information about the treatment processes of these tumors:

Surgical Methods: Surgery is the first option in the treatment of most surrenal tumors. Removal of the entire tumor is an important step in the treatment of the disease. If the tumor is malignant (cancerous), the surrounding tissues are examined for spread.

Radiotherapy: In cases where surgical intervention is risky or in scenarios where the cancer has spread to other areas, radiotherapy may be an option. Drug

Therapy: Especially in hormone-producing surrenal tumors, medication can be used to suppress hormone production. This aims to control the patient’s symptoms.

Monitoring: After treatment, regular health checks are required to determine whether the tumor has recurred. These treatment options need to be individualized according to the type of surrenal tumour and the patient’s general health. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is critical to achieve the best outcome.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a surrenal tumor?

A surrenal tumor is a type of tumor that develops in the adrenal glands, the glands above the kidneys that produce stress hormones. These tumors can be benign (benign) or malignant (malignant, cancerous).

Benign tumors are commonly known as adrenal adenomas and may often not require treatment, while malignant tumors are called adrenal cancer and need more aggressive treatments.

What are the symptoms of surrenal tumors?

The symptoms of surrenal tumors depend on the type of tumor and whether it produces hormones. Some surrenal tumors do not produce hormones and show no symptoms, while hormone-producing tumors can cause a variety of symptoms.

Common symptoms of hormone-producing tumors can include high blood pressure, weight gain, increased roundness and hair growth on the face and trunk, muscle weakness, bruising and low potassium levels. If a malignant tumor is present, additional symptoms may include abdominal pain, weight loss and a rapid decline in general health.

How are surrenal tumors diagnosed?

Surrenal tumors are usually diagnosed incidentally, through imaging tests (e.g. ultrasound, CT scan or MRI) for another health problem. If the tumor produces hormones, blood and urine tests are done to measure the levels of these hormones. If a surrenal tumor is suspected, a biopsy to take a sample of tissue can also be used to confirm the diagnosis.

However, most surrenal tumors are adenomas that are determined to be benign at the time of diagnosis and usually show few signs or symptoms that require follow-up.